In this laboratory, participants will learn the different components of flexible and rigid endoscopy towers; connect and power up a tower, fiberoptic scope, videoscope and rigid telescope; properly hold and manipulate rigid and flexible scopes (and what happens when proper technique is not used); navigate simulated airway and intestinal tracts and practice foreign body retrieval and biopsy; and use laparoscopic instruments for performance of rigid endoscopic skills.

During this laboratory, participants will identify and correctly name rigid endoscopy instruments; learn proper disassembly, cleaning, and reassembly techniques for flexible and rigid scopes; and continue developing of handling and stereotactic skills.

In this laboratory, participants will review laser physics and safety; learn to safely operate a laser as a team and maintain laser fibers; apply appropriate technique for tissue resection and urolith disruption in a trainer; connect and power up a tower for rhinoscopy; performed retrograde and antegrade rhinoscopy in dog and cat cadavers, including practicing a variety of biopsy techniques; and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment.

During this laboratory, participants will continue laser training by group; connect equipment and power up a tower for cystoscopy; perform cystoscopy and vaginoscopy (± stone retrieval and laser lithotripsy) in dog and cat cadavers; and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment.

In this laboratory, participants will connect equipment and power up a tower for cystoscopy; perform and observe cystoscopy in a female dog with special attention devoted to ureteral localization and normal ureteral peristalsis; document vaginoscopic and cystoscopic findings and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment. After completion of the live animal portion of the laboratory, participants will perform infraorbital nerve blocks, apply instrumentation necessary for sinonasal antifungal infusions, and participate in or observe cystoscopic-assisted cystotomy in a cadaveric dog.

During this laboratory, participants will perform bronchoscopy in a systematic manner using bronchoscopic maps, collect bronchoalveolar lavage samples, perform or observe endoscopically captured laryngeal function examinations, and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment.

In this laboratory, participants will perform upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, remove foreign bodies and collect gastrointestinal biopsies, perform lower gastrointestinal endoscopy, and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment. After completion of the live animal portion of the laboratory, participants will have the opportunity to perform PEG or esophagojejunostomy tube placement in a cadaveric dog.

During this laboratory, participants will drape in a patient for laparoscopy; perform Veress needle placement, insufflation, and sharp cannula introduction in lateral recumbency; using high pressure pneumoperitoneum; perform camera-monitored sharp or blunt cannula placement in lateral, dorsal or both recumbencies; complete a basic laparoscopic exploration in both lateral and dorsal recumbency; biopsy liver, pancreas, kidney +/- intestine, lymph node, spleen; perform laparoscopic-assisted cholecystocentesis and jejunostomy tube placement (if desired), and apply previously learned skills to appropriately disassemble and clean endoscopic equipment. After completion of the live animal portion of the laboratory, participants will have the opportunity to perform PEG or esophagojejunostomy tube placement in a cadaveric dog.